Jaw crusher is a core crushing machine widely used in mining, construction and stone processing industries. With long-term continuous operation, it is prone to various common faults, which will reduce working efficiency, cause equipment wear and even lead to shutdown accidents. This article summarizes the most frequent running problems of jaw crushers and provides simple and effective solutions for daily operation and maintenance.
1. Coarse and Uneven Discharged Particle Size
Problem: The finished stone materials fail to meet the standard size, with excessive coarse particles and uneven granularity.
Main Causes: The crusher tooth plates are severely worn and their sharp teeth become flat; the discharge opening is improperly adjusted; uneven feeding leads to partial wear of jaw plates.
Solutions: Regularly check the wear degree of fixed and movable jaw plates. Turn over or replace worn tooth plates in time. Adjust the discharge opening size to match the production standard, and keep uniform and stable feeding to avoid concentrated impact on local jaw plates.
2. Severe Equipment Vibration and Abnormal Noise
Problem: The machine vibrates violently during operation, accompanied by loud impact noise and jitter of the fuselage.
Main Causes: Foundation anchor bolts and frame connecting screws are loose; the support pad is worn or displaced; the flywheel runs off track; bearing clearance is too large.
Solutions: Stop the machine for inspection regularly. Tighten all loose bolts firmly and replace damaged anchor bolts. Fix and calibrate the offset flywheel, replace worn support pads and bearings to ensure stable operation of rotating parts.
3. Reduced Crushing Capacity and Low Output
Problem: The crushing efficiency drops obviously, and the hourly output is far lower than the rated standard.
Main Causes: The feeding material size exceeds the specified range; the belt is loose and skidding, leading to insufficient power transmission; the working voltage is unstable; internal parts are severely worn.
Solutions: Control the feeding size strictly to avoid oversize materials entering the crushing cavity. Adjust the belt tightness or replace worn belts to ensure stable power transmission. Check the circuit voltage to maintain normal working power, and replace worn accessories regularly.
4. Spring Fracture and Thrust Plate Abnormity
Problem: The spring breaks, or the thrust plate makes continuous impact sound and even falls off.
Main Causes: The spring tension is insufficient or the spring is not loosened in advance when adjusting the discharge opening; excessive impact of materials leads to thrust plate displacement and damage.
Solutions: Adjust the spring tension to the standard range and replace aging and fractured springs. Loosen the spring appropriately before adjusting the discharge opening. Adopt uniform feeding to avoid hard materials hitting the thrust plate violently.
5. Blockage of Crushing Cavity
Problem: Materials are stacked in the crushing cavity and cannot be discharged normally, resulting in machine stalling.
Main Causes: Continuous feeding without stopping when materials are humid and sticky; hard unbreakable foreign matters enter the cavity; excessive feeding speed.
Solutions: Stop feeding first and turn off the machine safely, then clean up stacked materials in the cavity. Control the feeding speed reasonably, and screen raw materials in advance to prevent foreign matters from entering. Reduce feeding volume when handling humid materials.
Most running faults of jaw crushers are caused by wear, improper operation and inadequate daily maintenance. Timely fault inspection, standardized operation and regular accessory replacement can effectively reduce equipment failure rate, ensure stable production and prolong the service life of the crusher.
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